Cinco de Mayo: More Than a Drink
On April 12, 1861, Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard opened fire on Ft. Sumter in South Carolina’s Charleston Bay, beginning the American Civil War. Three months earlier, Benito Juarez had been elected President of Mexico. Like Lincoln, Juarez inherited a country with serious, perhaps fatal, problems. In Juarez’s case, however, the problems were primarily external. In 1861, Mexico was a country in financial ruin. It owed money to all of the major European powers and, smelling blood in the water, they were circling the drowning nation. When Juarez defaulted on the loans France, Britain and Spain all sent their ships into the harbor of Veracruz to wrest something, anything, of value from the destitute government. Britain and Spain were satisfied with negotiated settlements but France’s Napoleon III saw a chance to claim some semblance of imperial grandeur by annexing Mexico. Napoleon III (nephew of the great Bonaparte) was certain h...